Nonlinear Optical Phase Conjugation for Laser Systems

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Abstract
This paper deals with certain nonlinear effects that can directly generate a wavefront which is the phase conjugate of the incident field. These phenomena can be exploited in pulsed laser systems to remove aberrations in the optical train as well as ab-errations arising from turbulence in the atmosphere. We discuss our measurements of the effectiveness of this conjugation process using a ruby laser and stimulated Brillouin scattering in a CS2 waveguide device. Measurements are made of the divergence angle of the beam after correction. The application of conjugate processes realizable in SBS, SRS, parametric downconversion, and four-wave mixing is considered for typical CO2 laser systems. System gain, backscatter limitations and parasitic oscillation are discussed for typical pulsed amplifier systems. Amplified spontaneous emission and unwanted glint returns from optical defects appear to be the most serious limitations.
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