Congenital Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection

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Abstract
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), an arenavirus perpetuated by chronic infection of mice, has been the agent of sporadic and epidemic disease in Europe and the Americas. Postnatal acquisition of LCMV may be inapparent or associated with systemic or central nervous system manifestations. Congenital LCMV infection, first recorded in England more than 40 years ago,1has received virtually no attention outside of Germany2and Lithuania.3We have recently documented congenital LCMV infection in four infants4,5and aided in the diagnosis in two additional neonates. The infection in all infants was manifested by chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications, and psychomotor retardation. Infectious agents excluded by means of culture or serologic examination wereToxoplasma gondii, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, rubella,Treponema pallidum, mumps virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and enteroviruses. A history of rodent exposure was obtained in three of the four infants whom we personally examined. The diagnosis was confirmed

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