Growth and anthocyanin accumulation rates of carrot suspension cultures grown with excess nutrients after semicontinuous culture with different limiting nutrients at several dilution rates, pHs, and temperatures

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Abstract
When carrot cell cultures, after growth in semicontinuous culture, were transferred to media containing excess nutrients, they grew at different rates. The growth rates were generally higher after semicontinuous culture at higher dilution rates. There appears to be a limit on dilution rate above which growth rate does not increase. These changes were also displayed by clones from the parental culture. The possibility that these changes in growth rate reflect a need for the cultures to adapt to their new conditions is discussed. The growth rates of the cultures is markedly increased at 25°C compared with 22°C with little further increase at 28°C. Growth rate is altered by less than 20% when pH is changed from 4.5 to either 5.5 or 4.2. The rates of anthocyanin accumulation by the cultures were similar under all conditions tested except at 22°C. They were larger than the rates of dry weight accumulation. In contrast, the amounts of anthocyanin accumulated in the clones and in the parental cultures grown at pH 5.5 instead of pH 4.5 were very different. The observations were interpreted as showing that the clones differ in the rate of metabolism but not in the rate of synthesis of anthocyanins and that at pH 5.5 the rate of metabolism of anthocyanins but not the rate of synthesis is higher than it is at pH 4.5. The use of semicontinuous cultures as a source of inoculum for batch cultures rather than as a source of biomass for extraction of chemicals is discussed.