Radiation effects in commercial off-the-shelf single-mode optical fibers

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Abstract
Several types of commercially available single-mode optical fibers have been irradiated in both gamma and neutron radiation fields to determine the suitability of their use in the readout systems of feature particle physics detectors. A comparative survey of the effect of 60Co gammas and neutrons ( approximately 6 MeV) on different fiber types, including standard germanium doped and pure silica core fibers, has been carried out. Selected fibers were further exposed to gamma radiation at four different dose rates to assess dose rate effects. Results are presented for the dose and fluence levels of interest (100 kGy) and 1 X 1014 n/cm2), showing induced losses at 1300 nm to be below 0.1 dB/m for both types of field. It has been seen that the damage mechanism is the same for both fields. We conclude that many modern Ge-doped fibers will be suitable for use in future particle physics applications, which gives greater freedom of choice to system designers, and greater immunity from the problems associated with single suppliers of specific fibers.

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