Acute Leukemia after Treatment for Ovarian Cancer

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Abstract
Four cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) following ovarian cancer are reported. All patients received alkylating agents and had a preleukemic phase. Seventy-nine additional cases of ANLL following therapy found in the literature are also reviewed. All but 2 patients received alkylating or alkylating-related agents alone or in combination. Mean duration of chemotherapy was 31.4 ± 19.4 months. Eighty-eight percent of the patients presented with preleukemia with a mean duration of 10 ± 10 months. Mean interval between cancer and ANLL was 57.3 ± 26 months. Cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 71% among patients who had a karyotype. Long-term alkylating agent therapy seems to have a significant role in the development of ANLL and should be avoided in ovarian cancer.

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