Antacid and sucralfate-induced hypophosphatemic osteomalacia: A case report and review of the literature

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Abstract
A 42-year-old woman presented to our institution with a 2-week history of bone pain in the lower extremities. Her history was remarkable for duodenal ulcer and long-term treatment with a magnesium-aluminum hydroxide antacid (Maalox) and sucralfate. Initial laboratory studies showed severe hypophosphatemia and elevated alkaline phosphatase and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels. Bone scan showed multiple areas of increased uptake consistent with osteomalacia and microfractures. The patient recovered completely following withdrawal of antacids and sucralfate and shortterm treatment with phosphate. Although hypophosphatemia induced by aluminum-containing antacids is rare, treatment of peptic ulcer disease with a combination of two aluminum-containing agents may increase the risk of clinically significant hypophosphatemia. Awareness of this condition is important, because early recognition can prevent morbidity and lead to safe and effective treatment.