The Influence of Nitrogen on Phosphorus Removal in Activated Sludge Plants

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Abstract
This paper discusses the need for anaerobiases as a pre-requisite for phosphorus removal in activated sludge plants and the effect of nitrates on the anaerobic conditions. If the plant could be operated to avoid nitrification, biological phosphorus removal presents no problems. When nitrification is required, the nitrates must be reduced to a low level through internal denitrification. If sufficient carbon is available to ensure complete removal of the nitrates and anaerobic conditions in a specific zone in the plant, good phosphate removal can be ensured. Below COD : TKN ratios of 10 : 1 it is becoming more difficult to control the plant and special care should be taken to determine not only the quantity of organic carbon available as electron donors for removal of the nitrates but also the form in which it arrives at the plant.

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