Triacylglycerol Analysis by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Crepis Alpina and Vernonia Galamensis Seed Oils

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Abstract
Unusual seed oils having significance for chemical synthesis, Crepis alpina, or with fatty acids which contain functional groups important in the preparation of plastics, Vernonia galamensis, were analyzed by a new reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry technique. Using this method, we have identified 16 triacylglycerols in the Crepis alpina oil and 18 triacylglycerols in Vernonia galamensis oil and showed greater sensitivity for detection of and improved identification of triacylglycerols compared to previous analyses using the techniques of reversed-phase and silver ion high performance liquid chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The most abundant Crepis alpina triacylglycerols were: linoleoyldicrepenynoylglycerol (33.0%), tricrepenynoyl (32.3%), palmitoyldicrepenynoyl (11.5%), dilinoleoylcrepenynoyl (6.7%) glycerols. The remaining triacylglycerols occurred at five or less mole percent abundance. The most abundant Vernonia galamensis triacylglycerols were: trivernoloyl (43.3%), linoleoyldivernoloyl (21.3%), oleoyldivernoloyl (7.9%), palmitoyldivernoloyl (8.2%) and stearoyldivernoloyl (6.4%) glycerols. The remaining triacylglycerols occurred at four or less mole percent abundance. These studies provided new knowledge concerning the triacylglycerol composition of these oils and show that the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization technique is suitable for mass spectral identification of neutral molecules which do not contain a chargeable functional group.