Urinary Tract Infections

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Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect approximately 25-35% of women between the ages of 20-40 years.1 UTIs account for more than 6,000,000 office visits in the United States per year, with an annual health cost exceeding $1 billion. Twenty percent of women who have a UTI will have more than three recurrences a year, and approximately 250,000 present initially as acute pyelonephritis. Approximately 15-50% of patients with symptoms of acute cystitis are also found to have involvement of the upper urinary tract.2 Sexually active women who develop symptoms of a UTI, namely dysuria, may have one of the following infections: acute urethritis, acute cystitis, or vaginitis. Individuals with vaginal trichomoniasis may also have involvement of the urethra and complain of dysuria.3