Direct-conversion flat-panel X-ray image sensors for digital radiography
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- 7 August 2002
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in Proceedings of the IEEE
- Vol. 90 (4) , 591-604
- https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2002.1002529
Abstract
Advances in active-matrix array flat panels for displays over the last decade have led to the development of flat-panel X-ray image detectors. Recent flat-panel detectors have shown image quality exceeding that of X-ray film/screen cassettes. They can also permit the instantaneous capture, readout, and display of digital X-ray images and, hence, enable the clinical transition to digital radiography. There are two general approaches to flat panel detector technology: 1) direct and 2) indirect conversion. The present paper outlines the operating principles for direct-conversion detectors based on the use of photoconductors. It formulates and reviews the required X-ray photoconductor properties for such applications and examines to what extent potential materials fulfill these requirements. The quantum efficiency, X-ray sensitivity, noise, and detective quantum efficiency factors are discussed with reference to current and potential large area X-ray photoconductors.Keywords
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