Effect of dietary energy content at different stages of growth on performance of intact male cattle

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Abstract
SUMMARY: Six groups of Israeli-Friesian intact male calves were studied over growth periods of 200 to 300 kg, 300 to 400 kg, and 400 to 500 kg live weight. Different ratios (85: 15, 70: 30 and 50: 50) of concentrate to roughage were compared. Two groups received the same ratio (85: 15 or 70: 30) throughout the experiment. In the other groups, the proportion of concentrates was progressively increased or decreased.Live-weight gain in the first period ranged from 759 to 1013 g/day, i n the second period from 1095 to 1239 g/day and in the third period from 831 to 922 g/day. Overall rate of gain was highest in the groups receiving a constant ratio, regardless of the ratio used. Increasing the proportion of concentrates as the calves became heavier, which is common practice in Europe, did not improve performance and decreasing the proportion reduced performance. Only at 200 to 300 and at 400 to 500 kg live weight did a concentrate percentage higher than 50 result in improved performance.Dry-matter intake, relative to live weight, was higher with a ratio of 70: 30 than with one of 85: 15 or of 50: 50 in each period. Animals on a constant ratio of concentrates to roughage gave the most efficient conversion of feed energy to live weight.There were no significant differences in dressing percentage or in carcass composition.