Human performance evaluation of enhanced vision systems for approach and landing

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Abstract
A study was conducted to compare three types of enhanced vision systems (EVS) from the human pilot's perspective. The EVS images were generated on a silicon graphics workstation to represent: an active radar-mapping imaging system, an idealized forward-looking infrared (FLIR) sensor system, and a synthetic wireframe airport database system. The study involved six commercial airline pilots. The task was to make manual landings using a simulated head- up display superimposed on the EVS images. In addition to the image type, the sensor range was varied to examine the effect of atmospheric attenuation on landing performance. A third factor looked at the effect of runway touchdown and centerline markings. The low azimuthal resolution of the radar images (0.3 degree(s)) appeared to have affected the lateral precision of the landings. Subjectively, the pilots were split between the idealized FLIR and wireframe images while the radar image was judged to be significantly inferior. Runway markings provided better lateral accuracy in landing and better vertical accuracy during the approach. Runway markings were unanimously preferred by the six pilots.

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