Optimization of Water Distribution Network Systems

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Abstract
A new method for a workable optimum cost solution of pipe sizes of various branches of a water distribution network with given geometry, peak demand values, and specified terminal pressure heads has been developed incorporating pipe cost function. A correction factor for flow has also been derived which, when algebraically added successively to the assumed flow values of pipes in a loop during an iteration process, results in convergence towards the solution. As theoretical least-cost solution results in the formation of a tree network, a workable optimum condition has been considered by fixing a minimum size of pipes. The integrated total cost of the system including capital and recurring cost of pumping station, elevated reservoir, and pipes has been optimized to obtain optimum inlet pressure head, pressure surface, and position of elevated reservoir for a given network. The applicability of the approach has been illustrated with a problem.

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