Catamnestic Investigations in Children with Malformations of the Gastrointestinal Tract and the Abdominal Wall

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Abstract
Catamnestic investigations were performed in 288 children with malformations of the gastrointestinal tract and the abdominal wall, among them 41 with esophageal atresia, 41 with stenosis/atresia of the small and large bowel, 78 with anorectal malformations, 75 with Hirschsprung''s disease, 28 with omphalocele and 25 with gastroschisis. In atresias/stenoses of the gastrointestinal tract the 2 sexes were equally affected whereas boys were significantly more often affected in Hirschsprung''s disease (P 0.0005) and omphalocele/gastroschisis (P 0.05). The babies were more frequently preterm (P 0.025) than in controls. Parental age was not higher than the average parental age at time of delivery. Incidence of malformations was significantly higher in the relatives of these patients than in the average population and reached 20% (P 0.0005) in relatives of children with omphalocele/gastroschisis. Teratogenic effects of alcohol, diseases, X-rays and drugs during pregnancy could be suspected in several instances, whereas adverse effects of smoking, previous abortions and cycle disorders before pregnancy could not be established.

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