Accurate Calibration of a Gel-Permeation Chromatograph by Use of Broad Molecular Weight Distribution Standards

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Abstract
Two methods for developing GPC calibration parameters for any polymer are described and compared. The first method assumes a quadratic calibration curve of the form log M = C1 + C2V + C3V2, where V is the retention volume, and utilizes molecular weight averages of a polymer standard combined with nonlinear regression analysis to determine values of the constants C1, C2, and C3. No reference to a standard polystyrene curve is necessary. The second method assumes the validity of the universal calibration technique in which the calibration curve of any polymer can be determined with reference to a standard polystyrene curve provided representative Mark-Houwink parameters are available. The chromatographic data is used to determine these parameters for any polymer. Results of applying both procedures to polystyrene, polybutadiene, poly(methyl methacrylate), and poly(vinyl chloride) are presented and show that in most instances the second method is simpler to apply and more accurate.

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