Biotreated coal liquefaction wastewater: Identification of organics by composite RO membrane concentration, HPLC, and GC/MS

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Abstract
A combination of aromatic polyamide RO membrane, HPLC and GC/MS was used to characterize feed and permeate samples from a coal liquefaction wastewater. The residual organics after biological treatment and their rejections by thin film membranes were identified and tested. Various derivatives of lactams and nitrobenzene esters were detected as by‐products of the biooxidation process. Molecules of mass greater than 155 were not detected in the permeate. At 90% water recovery, the membrane showed 91% chloride removal and 94% total orgnics removal.