Late ocular manifestations in neonatal herpes simplex infection.

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Abstract
Patients (5) who had neonatal herpes simplex virus infection were re-examined at ages that varied from 6-9 yr. In all of them the diagnosis was supported by virus isolation and antibody titration, and herpes virus type 2, the genital strain, was the causative agent. Only 1 of the patients was mentally retarded. Three of the patients had manifest squint, and only 1 patient had normal visual acuity in both eyes. Fundus changes varied from atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium in 3 patients to atrophy of the optic disc in 2 eyes and extreme tortuosity of the retinal arterioles and veins in 1 patient. One patient developed bilateral retinitis with exudation into the vitreous at the age of 5 yr. Fluorescein angiography of this patient showed peripheral vascular closure and preretinal neovascularization, with leakage in both eyes. This may have been due to chronic retinal vasculitis; hemorrhagic infarction may have induced damage to retinal tissues. Laser photocoagulation resulted in slight improvement of visual acuity, clearing of vitreous and decrease of fluorescein leakage.

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