Evaluation of shoulder movement as a command control source

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Abstract
The use of scapular shoulder movement as a command control source is evaluated. The focus is on the evaluation of movement signals from quadriplegic subjects as well as on the processing of these signals for use as command inputs to a functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) hand-grasp system. The shoulder movement of three C5-level quadriplegic and nine normal subjects was studied using externally mounted two-degree-of-freedom transducers overlying the sternum and clavicles. The C5-level quadriplegic subjects tested had a considerably poorer range of motion than the normal subjects. The range of motion was greatest in elevation but was coupled with a significant component of retraction. The vertical command resolution of the quadriplegic subjects range from 8 to 13 command levels, whereas the horizontal range contained four or fewer command levels. The quadriplegic subjects performed poorly in tasks where they were required to move to a point along the horizontal or vertical central axis and then along the opposite axis.