Statements From the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors

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Abstract
TWELVE years ago, members of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (The Vancouver Group) began to develop the "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals."1,2 Over 400 journals, including JAMA, have agreed to receive manuscripts prepared according to these guidelines. The Vancouver Group meets annually to discuss the Uniform Requirements and other issues of importance to authors and editors. At its February 1991 meeting, the group approved three new statements on order of authorship,3 patients' right to anonymity,4 and what to do with competing manuscripts based on the same study.5 These and four other statements are published below.5-7 ORDER OF AUTHORSHIP The order of authorship is determined by the authors. All authors should meet basic criteria for authorship (as stated in the "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals").1 Because order of authorship is assigned in many different ways, its meaning

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