The 5′ flanking region of the pS2 gene contains a complex enhancer region responsive to oestrogens, epidermal growth factor, a tumour promoter (TPA), the c-Ha-ras oncoprotein and the c-jun protein.

Open Access
Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
Expression of the pS2 gene which is transcriptionally controlled by oestrogens in the breast cancer cell line MCF‐7 is oestrogen independent in stomach mucosa. We show here that the level of MCF‐7 cell pS2 mRNA can also be increased by the tumour promoter 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA). We further demonstrate, using transient transfection assays, that the −428 to −332 5′ flanking sequence of the pS2 gene contains DNA enhancer elements responsive to oestrogens, TPA, EGF, the c‐Ha‐ras oncoprotein and the c‐jun protein.