CONDITIONS DETERMINING THE ORIGIN AND BEHAVIOR OF CENTRAL BODIES IN CYTASTERS OF ECHINARACHNIUS EGGS

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Abstract
Central bodies occur in fixed cytasters only when well-formed rays extend to the center, regardless of variations caused by (1) 24 fixatives, (2) 20 modifications of environmental factors, (3) various intervals in astral history. Central bodies of Echinarachnius parma cytasters are nothing but the coagulated focal point of rays, having no existence in living eggs. The investigation illustrates the need of controlled and quantitative methods in cytological research. If certain of the many varied types were arbitrarily selected as "normal," dismissing the others as "abnormal," any a priori theory could be substantiated. The conclusion is based upon a quantitative study of all coagulation products of many typical fixatives, dismissing none as "artifacts." Its significance concerning echinoderm central bodies in nuclear asters awaits their study by a similar method.

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