Fibromuscular dysplasia of the internal carotid artery treated by operative transluminal balloon angioplasty.

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Abstract
Operative treatment of critical stenoses of the internal carotid artery secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia has been performed for nearly 2 decades using graduated metal dilators. While percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty of the internal carotid via the femoral artery has several advantages over the operative metal dilator method, cerebral embolization is a matter for concern. Operative transluminal balloon angioplasty were performed in such cases, permitting backbleeding with removal of any thrombi or debris. This technique combines the advantages of dilatation by a Gruntzig balloon with post-dilatation carotid backbleeding. Five patients have been successfully treated thus fat using this technique.