Thermal Diffusion in Binary Systems

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Abstract
Just as is the case with ordinary diffusion, thermal diffusion is accompanied by a mass flow, which does not vanish even after the steady state has been reached. As a result of this mass motion the thermal diffusion coefficients of both components in a binary mixture enter into the expression for the steady‐state mole fraction gradient of either one, so that a knowledge of the latter is not sufficient, in general, to resolve the total heat of activation for diffusion into a heat of hole formation and a heat of activation for jumping. Mass flow should exist even in pure liquids in the presence of a temperature gradient, and this gives rise to the interesting possibility that the heat of activation for self‐diffusion can be resolved into its components.

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