A Confinement was booked with a mid-wife for June 29, 1942. The expectant mother was aged 25, and she and her husband were both quite fit. The pregnancy had been normal during the whole nine months and there was no abnormality in the family history. At 6 a.m. on June 21, labour began, and the midwife called in the patient's doctor on account of an “unusual vaginal discharge.” The patient was seen at 9.30 p.m., when the discharge was copious and the colour and consistency of thin mustard—obviously not meconium and not contaminated with either blood or mucus. A female baby was born at 12.15 a.m. on June 22, 1942. The doctor was called again to stitch the perinæum and to see the baby, which was born very cyanosed and was still cyanosed on his arrival. The appearance suggested a congenital heart lesion and was maintained. The upper arms were short and the fingers in flexion. The legs were flexed and could not be straightened. Snuffles present. The baby remained lethargic and uninterested in food. The birth weight was 5½ lb. and there was no gain during the first month. Radiological examination was made about three weeks after birth. Skull. Rather large and globular with sunken bridge of the nose. Wide anterior fontanelle. The base is relatively short and abnormally dense. Spine. Deformed and irregularly developed vertebræ.