TiNi synthesis from elemental powder components

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Abstract
Commercially, the shape memory alloy TiNi is produced by either vacuum induction melting or by vacuum arc remelting of the pure metal ingots. Powder metallurgy techniques provide an alternative fabrication route but problems arise achieving chemical homogeneity. In this study TiNi compacts were cold pressed from the blended elemental powders and sintered in vacuum for varying times at temperatures from 800 degree(s)C to 1000 degree(s)C. Two heating rates were used, 5 K/min and 10 K/min. A TiNi microstructure could be produced after annealing at 1000 degree(s)C for 6 hrs, although some TiNi3 was still observed. This is likely to be difficult to completely remove as TiNi3 is thermodynamically more stable than TiNi. Thus, homogenization is unlikely to be completed by solid-state diffusion processes. The martensitic B19' structure was observed to be highly oriented after processing.

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