Evidence against gene expression after meiosis in the male mouse

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Abstract
Isozyme patterns in homogenates from various testicular cell types from mice were examined in an effort to ascertain whether the haploid genome is expressed during spermiogenesis. Male mice heterozygous for electrophoretic variants of several glycolytic enzymes were analyzed by starch gel electrophoresis. The enzymes examined were isocitrate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glucosephosphate isomerase. The isozyme patterns produced by these dimeric enzymes reflect the relative activity of genes in each cell type. These patterns reveal the presence or absence of the transcription of specific genes during spermiogenesis. We found that the genes encoding these enzymes continue to increase during spermiogenesis. Synthesis of these enzymes most likely continues in spermatids, but this synthesis must depend upon premeiotically produced mRNA. These data provide biochemical evidence for the hypothesis that the phenotype of the haploid mammalian gamete depends upon the preceding diploid genome and that a mechanism must exist for the long term post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during spermiogenesis.