SOIL-BORNE DISEASES IN RELATION TO THE MICROFLORA ASSOCIATED WITH VARIOUS CROPS AND SOIL AMENDMENTS

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Abstract
Five typical soil-borne diseases are discussed in the light of the persistence and virulence of the pathogen as modified by various soil amendments and the antagonism of the soil microflora. The pathogens are Actinomyces scabies, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium culmorum, Helminthosporium sativum, and Ophiobolus graminis. Certain soil bacteria completely arrested or killed A. scabies in sterilized soil, while others were compatible . Considerably more potato scab developed in natural than in sterilized soil when both were artificially infested. Other aspects, including possible rhizosphere effect on soil-borne pathogens, are briefly reviewed to indicate the complexity of the general field and opportunity for research.