Establishing Difference: Culture, 'Race', Ethnicity and the Production of Ideology

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Abstract
This is the first of a two-part analysis which explores the concep tualisation of culture, 'race' and ethnicity. 1 Writings situated within the new ethnicist framework contend that forms of ethnocentrism are less rigid and more natural than older forms of racism. Through a focus on the ideas of 'racial'/ethnic subordination in advanced capitalist societies (in particular, the concept of the culture of pov erty), it is argued that a conceptual distinction between 'race' and ethnicity is untenable. It is concluded that forms of oppression based primarily upon cultural criteria can be more fruitfully analysed by using the concept of cultural racism rather than ethnocentrism. This article serves as an introduction to the second article in which the discussion turns to a consideration of the mechanics of dis crimination: how ideas of culture, 'race' and ethnicity articulate with actions.

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