Examined the applicability in different types of situations of predictions from the valence difficulty model of affect. The model predicts that unexpected success is more satisfying than expected success, while unexpected failure is less satisfying (more aversive) than expected failure. In each of 3 experiments, with a total of 253 undergraduates, Ss performed a 20-item anagrams task. In Exp I and II, Ss set their own performance goals in terms of minimal goal levels. In Exp III an external source (the E) announced what the passing level of performance would be. Prior to performing the task, all of the Ss reported performance expectancies. Results indicate that when Ss set their own performance standards, predictions from the model were not supported, irrespective of the type of expectancy reported (specific or generalized). The predictions were supported, however, when an external source determined the performance goals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)