Training in Statistical Reasoning Inhibits the Formation of Erroneous Group Stereotypes

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Abstract
Erroneous group stereotypes can result from people's failure to engage in sufficiently sophisticated reasoning strategies. Three experiments tested the hypothesis that training in statistical reasoning inhibits the formation of these stereotypes. In Study 1, 60 students were assigned randomly to a control condition or one of two training conditions in which they received training in the logic of analysis of covariance. Approximately 1 week later, they were presented with a group impression formation task. Control participants formed erroneous stereotypes, but those who received statistical training formed more accurate group impressions. Study 2 (N = 82) replicated these results, addressed concerns with experimental demand, and provided preliminary evidence concerning possible moderating effects of motivation. Study 3 (N = 44) tested a different alternative explanation and provided further clues about the inferential processes through which statistical training influences group impressions.