Experimental Repair of Cardiac Septal Defects

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Abstract
In the last few years, open cardiac surgery has been employed with increasing frequency for the direct repair of intracardiac defects. Its main use has been in cases of atrial septal defect and pulmonic stenosis. Recently, however, the repair of ventricular septal defects has been carried out experimentally and clinically. Two techniques have been employed for this purpose, the pump oxygenator and hypothermia. We have recently studied several methods which have rendered possible safe open cardiac surgery in the experimental animal with very low incidence of ventricular fibrillation and a high survival rate.* In a series of dogs protected by sinoauricular node blockade with procaine, we have been able to produce and repair ventricular septal defects with survival of all of the animals.6We have recently demonstrated that the safe period of vena caval occlusion can be appreciably extended by coronary and carotid artery perfusion with oxygenated blood.7
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