Does Length of Questionnaire Matter? A Randomised Trial of Response Rates to a Mailed Questionnaire

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Abstract
Objective: To assess whether length of questionnaire affects response rates. Methods: A quasi-randomised trial of women aged 70 years and over in a general practice in England. Three questionnaires of different lengths: a clinical questionnaire (four pages); the same questionnaire plus the EuroQol (five pages); the same questionnaire plus the SF-12 (seven pages). The impact of length on the proportion of returned questionnaires and item completion rates was assessed. Results: In total, 847 questionnaires were mailed; response rates were 49%, 49% and 40% to the short, medium and long questionnaires, respectively. This difference was statistically significant when the short questionnaire was compared against the longest instrument (9% difference; 95% confidence interval (CI) of difference=0.3% to 16.6%). Item completion rates for the clinical questionnaire did not differ. Respondents did not differ in age or self-reported health status between the three groups. Conclusions: Increasing the length of a questionnaire from five to seven pages reduces response rates from women aged 70 years and over. However, lengthening a questionnaire does not seem to affect the quality of responses to questions near the front of the questionnaire.