Abstract
The Aouali and Damour watersheds include the main river systems of southern Lebanon. Seven species of Simuliidae were collected from 27 sampling stations along these streams. Simulium nihan. sp. is described; it is related to the species of the monticola‐group. Three species have a restricted distribution within these streams, two of them being crenobiont. The others extend over wide altitudinal and ecological ranges. Eusimulium latizonum, Wilhelmia pseudequina and Simulium nitidifrons are the dominant species of the black‐fly community.

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