Abnormal Myocardial Phosphorus-31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Women with Chest Pain but Normal Coronary Angiograms

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Abstract
After hospitalization for chest pain, women are more likely than men to have normal coronary angiograms. In such women, myocardial ischemia in the absence of clinically significant coronary-artery obstruction has long been suspected. Most methods for the detection of the metabolic effects of myocardial ischemia are highly invasive. Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) spectroscopy is a noninvasive technique that can directly measure high-energy phosphates in the myocardium and identify metabolic evidence of ischemia.

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