Abstract
Tuffs intruded into sediments adjacent to Carboniferous necks are described from borings in the Fife coalfields: some consist wholly of comminuted sediments while others contain basaltic lapilli. They form dykes or, less commonly, sills and occur also as matrices of breccias at or near the neck margins. The intrusions are collated with others associated with the necks exposed on the shores of the Firth of Forth; many of these have been described hitherto as structures of sedimentary or otherwise non-volcanic origin. They are now taken to illustrate stages in the formation of the Firth of Forth necks by a gas-fluxion process.

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