Fluctuation Effects in the ac Conductivity of Thin Lead Films above the Superconducting Transition Temperature

Abstract
The transmission of microwaves through thin (∼100-Å) Pb films indicates considerable excess conductivity at temperatures above the superconducting transition temperature. Both the frequency and temperature dependences of this conductivity are in agreement with a calculation of Schmidt which takes account of the fluctuations of the order parameter for a film of thickness less than the Ginzburg-Landau coherence length. This agreement between experiment and theory supports Schmidt's choice of time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations.