Studies on Removal of a Fatty Soil Mixture of Triglyceride and Fatty Acid

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Abstract
Effect of the presence of fatty acid soil on removal of triglyceride soil from cotton fabrics in an alkaline builder solution was studied. Cotton fabrics were soiled with a mixture of triolein and individual fatty acids such as lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, and oleic acid. Triolein and individual fatty acids adhering to cotton fabrics were determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) after the extraction with ethyl ether. Triolein alone was hardly removed by a sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution, however, when triolein was mixed with individual fatty acids, its efficiency of the removal increased in the order C12<C14<C16=C18 : 1<C18; the presence of long chain fatty acid was more effective than that of short chain fatty acids for the removal of triolein. A mixture of triolein and stearic acid can be removed from cotton fabrics by a Na2CO3 solution more effectively than can triolein alone. This indicates that the soap formation in situ is more efficient than the action of the same soap solution for removing triolein. The removal efficiency of triolein increased with increasing amount of stearic acid and reached a constant level at the amount of stearic acid equal to that of triolein in the mixture.

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