Fast proton conducting glasses: Creation by proton implantation and a requirement for fast proton conduction

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Abstract
Fast proton conducting glasses have been obtained in Mg(PO3)2 glasses by implantation of protons at 120 keV to a fluence of 1×1018 cm−2. The dc conductivity and the activation energy of the conduction in the implanted glasses are 5×10−4 s cm−1 at room temperature and 0.18 eV, respectively. No fast proton conduction was observed for H+-implanted SiO2 and Ca(PO3)2 glasses. Infrared absorption spectra revealed that implanted protons are present in the form of X–OH (X=Si or P) in SiO2 and Ca(PO3)2 glasses implanted with H+ ions to 1×1018 cm−2, but exist as POH groups and molecular water H2O in Mg(PO3)2 glasses. A quantitative discussion on the proton conductivity led to the conclusion that the coexistence of acidic groups such as POH and molecular water H2O is a structural requirement for the emergence of fast proton conduction in oxide glasses. The formation of H2O in Mg(PO3)2 was understood by considering its thermodynamic stability over SiO2 and Ca(PO3)2 glasses.

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