Free and Forced Vibration Methods in the Measurement of the Dynamic Properties of Rubbers

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Abstract
Previous work on the shear elastic modulus and damping factor of rubber has been carried out chiefly by two methods. Some workers have deduced these quantities from the natural frequency and rate of decay of the free vibrations of a simple system comprising a mass and a rubber spring; others have obtained the values from the resonance curve of such a system under forced vibration excited by a known harmonic force of variable frequency. The derivation of the shear modulus and damping factor from the experimental results is in both cases based on the assumption for rubber of a simple mechanical model consisting of a spring with a viscous dashpot in parallel. In order to ascertain whether the results from the two methods (more particularly for the damping factor) correspond, measurements have been carried out by both methods on the same rubber test piece on the same mechanical system and under identical conditions. The approximate agreement between the results thus obtained justifies the basic assumptions underlying these methods.

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