The Efficacy of DFO-HOPO, DTPA-DX and DTPA for Enhancing the Excretion of Plutonium and Americium from the Rat

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Abstract
A hydroxypridinone derivative of desferrioxamine (Na-DFO-HOPO), a dihydroxamic derivative of diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid (ZnNa-DTPA-DX), and DTPA (CaNa3- and ZnNa3-DTPA) were tested at dosages of 30 μmol kg−1 for their ability to remove 238Pu or 241Am from rats after their intravenous injection as citrate or inhalation as nitrate. The most effective treatment regimen for injected Pu was the repeated administration of DFO-HOPO; by 7 days the body content was reduced to 8% of that in untreated animals. Repeated dosages of 3 μmol kg−1 DFO-HOPO were as effective as those of 30 μmol kg−1 DTPA. After inhalation of Pu nitrate, repeated treatment with DTPA, DTPA-DX or DFO-HOPO reduced the body content by 7 days to, respectively, 10, 15 and 31% of those in untreated animals. After inhalation of Am, DTPA-DX and DTPA were equally effective, the body contents being reduced to 7% of control values with repeated treatment. Injection of DFO-HOPO was ineffective for enhancing the elimination of inhaled or injected Am. The results confirm the strategy of examining the use of siderophore analogues for the decorporation of Pu or Am. However, at present DTPA should remain the agent of choice, particularly after inhalation.