Laboratory Studies on Resistance of the Pacific Spider Mite to Acaricides1

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Abstract
A strain of the Pacific spider mite, Tetranychus pacificus McGregor, which had developed resistance in the field to demeton treatments was subjected in the laboratory to parathion selection pressure at the 70% mortality level through 10 selections without further change in the degree of cross resistance to parathion. Starting with a susceptible strain, six to nine such selections with parathion and ethion resulted in high degrees of resistance to both accuracies. Similar selection procedures using Aramite® (2-(p-tert-butylphenoxy) isopropyl 2-chloroethyl sulfite) resulted in a 10-fold increase in resistance after 15 selections; but using Chlorobenzilate® (ethyl 4,4′-dichlorobenzilate or Kelthane® (1, 1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethanol) resulted in no change in susceptibility after 23 or 22 selections, respectively. In cross resistance evaluations parathion- and ethion-resistant strains were cross resistant to the other organ phosphorus accuracies evaluated but not to the specific acaricides. Aramite-, Chlorobenzilate-, and Kelthane-selected strains were cross resistant to some organophosphorus compounds but not to other specific acaricides. This response is contrasted with the response of house flies (Musca domestica L.) to selection pressure with insecticides.

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