Population analysis in plane wave electronic structure calculations

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Abstract
Plane wave basis sets are widely used in ab initio electronic structure calculations even though such an expansion in terms of extended states does not provide a natural way of quantifying local atomic properties. To overcome this deficiency we have implemented a scheme for projection of plane wave states onto a localised basis set. This approach is used to calculate atomic charges and bond populations, and is illustrated by application to a selection of small molecules. Finally, we calculate the changes in these quantities induced by adsorption of a molecule onto a zeolite substrate. Thus, using the procedure described in this paper, plane wave calculations can yield the same information as traditional quantum chemical methods.

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