Infection of Grape byGuignardia bidwellii- Factors Affecting Lesion Development, Conidial Dispersal, and Conidial Populations on Leaves

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Abstract
Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature and relative humidity on incubation time and pycnidia formation of G. bidwellii on grape [Vitis labrusca ''Catawba'' and ''Niagara'' and V. vinifera .times. V. labrusca ''Aurore'' and ''Baco Noir''] leaves and to study factors affecting conidial release and adherence to and populations on leaf surfaces. Incubation time was approximately 1 wk at 21 and 26.5.degree. C and 2 wk at 15.degree. C. After lesions appeared, pycnidia formed within 3 (21.degree. C) to 5.5 (15.degree. C) days. Rainfall duration of 1-3 h provided optimal conidia dispersal. Conidia were readily washed from inoculated leaves except when they were dry for 60 min or longer preceding washing. Conidial populations on leaves in the vineyard were closely related to conditions favoring conidial dispersal, retention on leaves and disease severity.

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