An Aggregate-Level Study of Inmate Suicides and Deaths Due to Natural Causes in U.S. Jails

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Abstract
This research note presents findings from cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of possible influences on the numbers of inmate suicides and natural deaths in 204 U.S. jails. Results revealed that both inmate suicides and natural deaths became less prevalent over time in larger facilities and in jails where medical tests of inmates on intake were added. Inmate suicides also became less prevalent in jails where the ratio of staff to inmates increased. Inmate deaths due to natural causes also declined in jails where standards of humane confinement are implemented, in facilities that experienced a decline in the degree of inmate crowding, and in jails where infirmaries designed for overnight stays were added. The implications of these results are discussed.

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