Sarcoidosis and the Acoustic Nerve

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Abstract
SARCOIDOSIS is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology most commonly involving the lymph nodes, lung, liver, spleen, skin, and eyes. Males, in the third decade, are most commonly affected with the Negro race showing a striking predilection for the disease. Most patients are reported from Scandinavian countries and eastern and southeastern United States. The central nervous system and peripheral nerves are involved in approximately 5% of patients with sarcoidosis. Although no portion of the neuraxis has been spared, the most frequent clinical manifestations consist of facial diplegia, diabetes insipidus, granulomatous basilar leptomeningitis, and peripheral neuropathy.1-9 Neuropathologic studies usually reveal direct invasion of neural tissue by sarcoid granuloma, basilar meningeal proliferation, or microgranulomatous encephalitic infiltration. Dysfunction of the eighth cranial nerve in patients with sarcoidosis is usually associated with a granulomatous leptomeningitis of the posterior fossa. It is commonly accompanied clinically by involvement of neighboring cranial nerves, brain stem,

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