Screened Coulomb interaction in the maximally localized Wannier basis

We discuss a maximally localized Wannier function approach for constructing lattice models from first-principles electronic structure calculations, where the effective Coulomb interactions are calculated in the constrained random-phase approximation. The method is applied to the $3d$ transition metals and a perovskite $\left(\mathrm{Sr}\mathrm{V}{\mathrm{O}}_3\right)$. We also optimize the Wannier functions by unitary transformation so that $U$ is maximized. Such Wannier functions unexpectedly turned out to be very close to the maximally localized ones.