EXTRACTION OF EXCHANGEABLE CATIONS FROM WYOMING BENTONITE SUSPENSIONS

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Abstract
Wyoming bentonite suspensions were prepared with a range of per cent Ca saturations and the exchangeable cations were extracted with solutions of NaCl, KCl, NH4Cl, and CaCl2. The per cent base saturation values, (Ca/Ca+Al)) × 100, obtained both by serial extraction with 1 N salt solutions and by a single extraction with 2 N NaCl or KCl agreed closely with the theoretical base saturation values calculated from the corrected lime potential. Somewhat better agreement with the theoretical values was obtained, however, with a single extraction than by serial extraction. The sum of Ca + Al (effective C.E.C.) was less affected by changing extract to clay ratio when a single extraction was employed. For these reasons, it was concluded that a single extraction with 100 ml of 2 N NaCl or KCl for 0.5 to 2.5 meq of exchange sites should be employed for the determination of exchangeable cations in clays and soils.

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