Monocrystalline CdTe Thin Films by Electrochemical Deposition from Aprotic Electrolytes

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Abstract
Thin films have been deposited by an electrochemical technique from organic dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) solvent containing and elemental Te. Thus, deposited films are generally coherent, free of microcracks, and have large crystallites of size ≥2.5 μm. Crystalline structure of films is found to depend on the deposition current density. Electron diffraction analysis shows that crystalline modification changes from polycrystalline hexagonal, mixed hexagonal‐cubic to cubic containing excess Cd as the deposition current density increases from 0.25 to 1.0 mA · cm−2. Lower deposition currents yield monocrystalline films. Analysis of variations in the cathodic over‐potentials with deposition current density indicates that the growth of monocrystalline is by initial formation of oriented nuclei which grow by surface diffusion of adions. Critical nuclei size reduces and active growth sites increases rapidly as the deposition current is increased beyond 0.25 mA · cm−2. These factors lead to growth of polycrystalline films.

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