Analysis of p53, K‐ras, c‐kit, and β‐catenin gene mutations in sinonasal NK/T cell lymphoma in northeast district of China

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Abstract
Recently we reported the different frequenties of p53 and c‐kit gene mutations among sinonasal NK/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) in Korea, north China (Beijing), and Japan, suggesting some racial, environmental, or life‐style differences as a possible cause of nasal tumorigenesis. In this study, gene mutations in p53, c‐kit, K‐ras, and β‐catenin gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) followed by direct sequencing in 20 cases of sinonasal NKTCL from northeast China (Shen Yang). Age of patients ranged from 5 to 63 (median, 40.0) years. p53 gene mutations were found in eight of 20 cases (40%), with exon 4 involvement in 10% of cases. The majority was missense mutations and G:C to A:T transition was predominant. The frequency of the c‐kit and K‐ras gene mutations was low (5%), while that of the β‐catenin gene was six of 20 cases (30%). From these findings, it is concluded that nasal NKTCL in northeast China shared common features with that in Korea in the younger onset of disease compared to that in Japan and lower frequency of p53 gene mutations with infrequent exon 4 involvement compared to that in Japan and north China. These differences might be caused by migration of susceptible populations or some environmental confounding factors. (Cancer Sci 2003; 94: 297–301)