Climacteric-Like Disorders in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With LHRH Agonists

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Abstract
We assessed long-term side effects with characteristics of female climacteric disorders in prostate cancer patients treated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists. Such side effects are not considered to be serious, though they can significantly affect patient quality of life. Sixty-four prostate cancer patients treated with LHRH agonists and 30 benign prostatic hyperplasia patients, as a control group, were surveyed by questionnaire. The median age of the cancer patients was 74.9 years old, ranging from 60 to 94 years, and the median LHRH agonist dosing period was 16.5 months, ranging from 1 to 64 months. The results of the questionnaires were compared between the patients and the controls, as well as between different variables. Sixty (93.8%) of 64 patients claimed symptoms similar to female climacteric disorders. Further, more than 50% of the symptoms included in the questionnaire were reported by 14 (21.9%) of the patients. Symptoms reported by the patients were more severe than those by the controls. Hot flashes, sleep disturbance, and fatigue recorded high scores in the patient questionnaires as compared with those of the controls. In addition, as the term of LHRH agonist use increased, complaints of sweating or coldness in hands and feet increased. Patients without bone metastasis frequently experienced heaviness in the head and headaches compared to those with bone metastasis. The results of our questionnaire-based outcome study showed that side effects similar to female climacteric disorders in prostate cancer patients treated with LHRH agonists were more severe than in the control group, which could be detrimental to quality of life and general well-being.